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Abu Simbel Temple
Standing as the ultimate testament to the ego and architectural ambition of Ramses II, the Abu Simbel Temples are a breathtaking sight carved directly into the mountainside. Located near the border with Sudan, these twin temples remain one of Egypt’s most awe-inspiring engineering feats—both ancient and modern.
Guarding the entrance are four colossal statues of Ramses II, each standing 20 meters high. The temple was designed to showcase the king's power and divinity. Inside, the Great Hypostyle Hall features pillars carved in the likeness of Osiris, leading to a sanctuary that hides a miraculous solar secret.
Abu Simbel Temple
The Solar Phenomenon
Twice a year—on February 22nd and October 22nd—the sun aligns perfectly to penetrate the dark inner sanctuary. The rays illuminate three of the four statues (Ramses II and the sun gods), while keeping Ptah, the god of the underworld, in symbolic shadow. These dates are said to mark the king’s birthday and coronation.
The Temple of Hathor and Nefertari
A short walk away lies the smaller, yet equally stunning, temple dedicated to Queen Nefertari and the goddess Hathor. This temple is unique in Egyptian history because the statues of the Queen are the same size as the King’s—a rare tribute showing Ramses II’s deep affection for his favorite wife.
Abu Simbel Temple
Like Philae, Abu Simbel was threatened by the rising waters of Lake Nasser. In the 1960s, a global effort saw the temples cut into multi-ton blocks and moved 65 meters higher up the cliff. Engineers reconstructed the mountain itself to ensure the temples looked exactly as they had for over 3,000 years.
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